3/17/2023 0 Comments Phototime reviewSome of the major x-ray vendors will supply computer-generated charts for their customers. When a new chart is necessary, there are several possible sources. The x-ray machine manufacturer cannot supply a definitive chart with the machine because the exposures will vary considerably depending on the types of grids, tabletops, and SID. Technique charts are unique to each x-ray machine and each facility. Limited operators must be aware of requirements for technique charts and ensure that their charts conform to the regulatory standards. The Joint Commission, the official organization that accredits hospitals and clinics, establishes standards for institutions that receive Medicare payments, and these standards include requirements for x-ray technique charts in radiography departments. In Oregon, for example, regulations require that technique charts include a notation that gonad shielding is required for specific examinations. Radiation control regulations may require posting of a current technique chart and may also specify the information to be included. This practice may result in outdated or unavailable charts and may cause unnecessary exposure errors. Some limited operators become so familiar with the operation of their equipment over time that they tend to memorize or estimate exposures and do not feel the need for a technique chart. † Each of these squares represents one of the three detectors in the AEC device.įrom Frank ED, Long BW, Smith BJ: Merrill’s atlas of radiographic positions and radiologic procedures, ed 11, vol 1, St Louis, 2007, Mosby. * Kilovoltage values are for a three-phase 12-pulse generator. Note that both manual and AEC techniques are shown.Ī-C, Acromioclavicular AEC, automatic exposure control AP, anteroposterior IR, image receptor PA, posteroanterior s, small focal spot SID, source–image receptor distance. The basic mathematical skills needed to perform these calculations are reviewed in Chapter 3, which also includes additional examples and practice problems to increase your proficiency. This chapter contains some formulas and mathematical calculations that all limited operators must master. It must meet the requirements of the equipment and the preferences of the physician who will interpret the radiographs. The limited operator is responsible for ensuring that the technique chart is available, complete, and consistent. A number of possible combinations may produce a diagnostic radiograph. There is no one perfect set of factors that must be used for each exposure. Permanent changes in the type of grid, kilovoltage (kVp), milliamperage (mA), or source–image receptor distance (SID) will require a change in technique. These radiographic examinations might include those involving patients who are larger or smaller than the measurements provided on the chart or patients whose conditions affect the amount of exposure required. When the planned procedure differs from the chart, the operator must make appropriate changes in the exposure settings. It is important to remember that no chart meets the requirements for every circumstance. When there is no chart or when the existing chart is inadequate, the limited operator must obtain or create a suitable chart. This chapter explores the components of technique charts and explains their limitations. Most radiography departments have a functional technique chart that provides appropriate exposures for most circumstances.
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